Caterpillars, often perceived as fearsome pests by gardeners, are in fact hiding a fascinating facet of nature. These tiny creatures undergo an incredible metamorphosis, transforming from voracious larvae to delicate butterflies.
However, their voracious appetite can cause considerable damage to plants compromising the health of your garden. This article delves into the world of caterpillars, explores their impact on flora and fauna, and suggests effective strategies for controlling them and preserve the biodiversity of your green space. Whether you’re a novice or a seasoned gardener, these tips will help you transform your garden into a haven of peace, safe from the ravages of caterpillars.
Focus on caterpillars : From larva to butterfly
Caterpillars, those little creatures often disliked by gardeners, are in reality the larvae of lepidopterans more commonly known as butterflies. Their life cycle is fascinating : after an intense feeding phase, they devour leaves, stems and roots to accumulate the energy they need for their transformation, they metamorphose into chrysalises and then into adult butterflies.
There are some 20,000 species of caterpillar, varying in shape, size and color. Identifying a caterpillar can be a complex and time-consuming task. requires careful observation of its color, general appearance, the plant on which it is found and its size. Once the species has been determined, it is possible to adapt the treatment to limit damage to plants.
The harmful effects of caterpillars on flora and fauna
Because of their phytophagous diet, caterpillars can cause considerable damage to plants. Not only do they nibble leaves, but also young stems, flower buds, etc. and even fruit. Some species also attack wood and textiles. The symptoms of a caterpillar attack are generally visible : leaves with holes, weakened stems, stunted growth…
What’s more, some caterpillars are stinging and represent a danger to animals and humans. Contact with their hair can cause severe allergic reactions. It is therefore essential to know how to identify these pests and implement appropriate control measures to protect your garden.
Control and prevention strategies against caterpillars
To counter the damage caused by various caterpillar species, several methods can be employed. The use of Thuringiensis bacillus, a biological insecticide is effective against processionary caterpillars, cabbage worms and green pelargonium caterpillars.
Visit pheromone traps are recommended for control of codling moth and box elder moth. From pyrethrum-based insecticides can also be used.
In terms of prevention, manual removal of caterpillars (except for processionaries), attracting birds such as chickadees the introduction of beneficial insects such as the lacewings and the adoption of companion plants such as tansy or marigolds. are all strategies that can help keep caterpillar populations under control.
